Journal Article

Despite conflicting forecasts about the pace and extent of technological changes that lie ahead, it is difficult to dispute the impact that advances in automation, robotics, and artificial intelligence have already had on work in the United States and globally. Hirschi (2018) provided an excellent discussion of these developments and what they may mean for career clients, practitioners, and researchers. The author aims to complement Hirschi's contribution by (a) amplifying the nature of the challenges faced by workers, both currently and in the foreseeable future, and (b) considering steps that may be taken by career development experts, both individually and collectively, to meet these challenges. These steps include advocacy for displaced workers, participation in dialogues to transform educational institutions, and efforts to extend the range of counseling interventions to prepare clients for a career future that may be far less stable for increasing numbers of workers.

For a case study, this research focuses on the knowledge covered in the speech of practicing teachers and future teachers in terms of pedagogical integration of information and communications technology (ICT). Content analysis, conducted using a category system based on the "Technological Pedagogical Knowledge and Content" (TPACK) (Koehler & Mishra, 2008) reveals that it is the technological and pedagogical knowledge that is primarily addressed, and little knowledge in connection with the disciplinary content appears in the speech of participants. The initial and continuing education offered to them appears as a path to explore to get them to develop a better understanding of the dynamics of TPACK. Work should therefore look into the development and analysis of initial and continuing training systems. [googletranslate_en]

The returns to education have been increasing. It is suggested that high-skilled workers’ social capital investment has been adversely affected by the increasing incentives to devote human capital to career development. Lower social capital is linked to reduced economic growth and innovation and higher transaction costs and is detrimental to individual well-being. We find evidence to suggest there is an increasing opportunity cost associated with greater levels of social capital investment for high-skilled workers, especially those with more demands on their time. These results provide support for increased availability of work flexibility policies that can improve the work–life balance.

“Intuition, judgment, creativity are basically expressions of capabilities for recognition and response based upon experience and knowledge (p. 128–129)” (Simon, 1997). Workers gain experience and knowledge in the course of their normal jobs. Therefore, innovative ideas can be generated from knowledge built from learning opportunities across the firm (not just the R&D lab). Employees working for different functions (R&D and outside of R&D) in an organization have different work practices and build their learning through different processes. Moreover, the relative effectiveness of learning by different work practices for innovation is contingent on the nature of knowledge, characterized by generality (i.e., high mobility/transferability) and visibility (i.e., tighter links between actions and outcomes). Using multiple datasets combining public and private data and focusing on births of innovations, this study shows how the nature of knowledge affects differences in the innovation productivity of R&D and non-R&D work. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of these insights for innovation management and policy.

Singapore has been assigned the role of a ‘model’ nation state primarily for two reasons: its rapid rate of economic growth and its outstanding performance on cross-national tests of educational achievement, such as PISA. This has resulted in advocates of reform citing it as illustrating ‘best practices’, especially in the field of education, and it has more generally been viewed as demonstrating the benefits of economic globalization. This paper analyses from a comparative perspective the more problematic and relatively unexplored third dimension of being a model ‘global’ nation, namely its impact on income inequality and the quality of citizens’ life. We focus on the role of the system of lifelong learning which was designed generally to upgrade the skills of the workforce and specifically to provide low-paid/skilled workers with opportunities to improve incomes and enhance their socio-economic mobility. We demonstrate that despite the remarkable economic growth at a national level and the significant expansion of lifelong learning provision, productivity rates have not improved, income inequality has increased, social mobility has declined and the ‘quality of life’ is, in comparative terms, poor.

An action research within a large French energy company has enabled the development of a funded system and transfer of know-how for professional training of operators. Ownership by the Group led to industrialization. This article provides a summary of results from the design of the methodology and original training material to the evaluation and integration into the company. [googletranslate_en]

Purpose - Recent years have witnessed the birth and rapid development of "coworking" spaces that are likely to affect classic models of work and organizations. This paper aims to identify the crucial issues raised by this phenomenon, for both practitioners and researchers, in both management and organization theory. Design/methodology/approach - To describe this growing phenomenon, the current paper presents an in-depth analysis of existing literature and identifies the social, organizational and managerial issues raised by the development of coworking. Findings - A review of how organizational research has analyzed the rapid development of coworking spaces thus far reveals a conceptual framework for grasping the origins, nature and implications of this phenomenon. Such an assessment in turn sheds light on the issues and potential questions raised by the growth of this new type of organization. Practical implications - Managers and practitioners can gain a better grasp of the phenomenon and the potential evolution of workplaces and organizations, as well as a better understanding of the extent to which developing coworking spaces might invoke evolution in organizations and management practices. Originality/value - The rise of coworking spaces is unprecedented in its speed and scale. Yet, academic research has largely ignored this phenomenon, and practitioner studies have privileged a descriptive approach. This paper thus covers a topic that has attracted scant attention in prior academic research, despite its vast and growing importance.

Building on the progress made in mechatronics and computing, robotics is developing ever more advanced sensorimotor functions that equip machines with a capacity to adapt to their ever-growing environment. So far, the industrial production system is organized around the machine; the machine was calibrated according to its environment and brooked little variation thereof. Today, it fits easily into an existing environment. More elaborate, it requires more expertise to its programming, resulting in the removal of low-skilled, repetitive and painful, in favor of maintenance jobs and supervision. The robot is a machine, and as such, as it has always been, he participated in the transformation of knowledge and the disappearance of some of them. Robotics is a scientific discipline in its own right, whose stakes questioning the mode of organization of our societies. It must be thought as such and its development must be strongly supported by public search for quality, which addresses all the dimensions of both scientific and technical, economic and sociological. [googletranslate_en]

The social and economic relevance of work and employment relations is as great today as it has been in the past and is likely to be of even greater importance in the future. Yet, as a field of academic study, traditional approaches to work and employment relations face a number of challenges, particularly in an era of globalization. Understanding the changing nature of work and employment relations has significant implications for economic prosperity and social harmony in all societies. How workers engage in new forms of employment, such as the 'shared economy', and exercise influence over their employment conditions are challenges which face not only employers but also governments and society at large. As the world of work becomes increasingly affected by global as well as local factors, a multi-level perspective is needed which takes into account the interaction between national, sectoral and transnational spheres of work and employment relations.