Journal Article

Les écarts importants entre les prévisions actuelles sur l’avenir de l’emploi dans l’économie numérique reflètent des divergences profondes dans les hypothèses et les méthodologies des études existantes. L’article compare trois approches. La première repose sur une évaluation des risques de substitution des tâches réalisées par des humains au bénéfice de machines intelligentes, au niveau des profils des métiers, et conduit à des estimations très pessimistes. La deuxième prend en compte l’hétérogénéité des tâches, automatisables ou non, au sein de chaque profil de métiers. Les prévisions sont beaucoup moins pessimistes, de même que dans la troisième approche, qui repose sur une analyse des conditions de travail potentiellement exposées à l’automatisation. Selon le « niveau de la menace », les implications politiques peuvent s’avérer très différentes.

L’intelligence artificielle bénéficie d’une forte exposition médiatique et génère de nombreuses spéculations sur le futur de l’emploi. Quels effets attendre de la diffusion des données et algorithmes au-delà de leurs secteurs traditionnels ?

The current era makes the survival of businesses in a predominantly knowledge-based economy, increasingly dependent on the variety of skills and expertise of actors working in the business, and their ability to exploit the existing knowledge and explore new knowledge likely to ignite innovation. The purpose of this research is to describe the role of communities of practice and epistemic as cognitive orientation adopted in the development of innovations and through the analysis of the process of influence of knowledge communities on innovation. We try to approach the subject from the ground through a qualitative case study referred to exploratory. Empirical lessons comfort the theoretical predictions and some interesting conclusions emerge: the knowledge communities are crucial to trigger the two-dimensional learning. Learning exploitation and exploration that does not necessarily lead to innovation exploration but certainly to improve the existing. [googletranslate_en]

Purpose - Leadership development has been replete with a skill-based focus. However, learning and development can be constrained by the deeper level, hidden self-knowledge that influences how people process information and construct meaning. The purpose of this paper is to answer the question of how people construct and develop their leader identity. The authors intend to shed light on the critical facets of identity changes that occur as individuals grapple with existing understanding of the self and of leadership, transform them, and absorb new personalized notions of leadership into their identity, resulting in a higher level of confidence acting in the leadership domain. Design/methodology/approach - The authors conducted a grounded theory study of participants and their mentors in a lay leadership development program in a Catholic diocese. The authors inductively drew a conceptual model describing how leader identity evolves. Findings - The findings suggested that leader identity development was not a uni-dimensional event. Rather, it was a multi-faceted process that encompassed three key facets of identity development: expanding boundaries, recognizing interdependences, and discerning purpose. Further, it is the co-evolvement of these three facets and people’s broadening understanding of leadership that led to a more salient leader identity. Research limitations/implications - The model addresses the gap in literature on how leader identity develops specifically. It enriches and expands existing knowledge on leader identity development by answering the question of what specific changes are entailed when an individual constructs his or her identity as a leader. Practical implications - The findings could be used to guide leadership development professionals to build targeted learning activities around key components of leader identity development, diagnose where people are in their leadership journey, set personalized goals with them, and provide pointed feedback to learners in the process of developing their leader identity. Originality/value - The authors provide an in-depth and integrative account of the contents and mechanisms involved in the construction of the leader identity. The authors zero in on the critical transformations entailed in the process to establish and develop a leader identity.

This article argues that misalignment between the realities of work in the new economy and the regulations is having negative health and social implications at all levels of Canadian society. Remedying this requires drastic reshaping of policy approaches, but current laws and employment norms presume the labour market is a static entity. Policymakers should focus on improving how labour market data is collected for producing evidence‐based recommendations, and on re‐evaluating neoclassical economic assumptions underpinning this outdated framework. We argue the expansion of precarious work is reshaping the Canadian economy and society, and provide recommendations for data, policy and administration to address this trend.

If the centrality of the degree in the recruitment process and development of early career is a matter of common sense, it is more difficult to accept - or to be seen as a ground of discrimination - when it endures throughout career, especially when it comes to access to leadership positions in an organization, since we should rather expect that only competence and performance are taken into account at this stage. If it is very difficult to measure the impact of a socio-economic system in which graduates of schools have priority access to senior positions of companies, it is however easier to analyze, on an individual level, the role of the diploma in the trajectory of employees. This question is raised in a business that attaches importance to prestigious diplomas: the Orange group. This case study shows that the attitude of the employees to the privileged access of graduates of schools in management, is not necessarily negative and that employees who "succeed" despite a row degree 2 have set implement specific compensation mechanisms such as specialized skills, strong geographical mobility or work in project mode. [googletranslate_en]

The rapid pace of technological change continues to disrupt traditional procedures in all spheres, including the accounting profession. The authors examine the potential effects that disruptive technologies will have on both the profession at large and accounting education specifically. They provide suggestions for educators and universities on how to shape their curricula to meet the needs of the new environment.

With the increasing relevance of information and communication technologies (ICT) and the global transition towards the knowledge society, school systems and higher education now face increasing challenges involved in preparing students for successful participation in the knowledge society. In many countries, this is leading to manifold efforts and changes in national policies concerning ICT integration into education systems. This paper outlines four challenges concerning the design, implementation, and evaluation of national policy: (1) creating future ready policy, (2) achieving systemic perspectives in stakeholders, (3) promoting commitment to learning from policy, and (4) developing and implementing supportive processes. The paper shares an international perspective on these four major challenges and proposes strategy perspectives and solutions, as well as tactics that could be applied to advance a nation’s educational system empowered by technology.

While the outlook on careers in the music industry is very good, the data on specific jobs are not current. With the emergence of new technologies and new licensing regulations related to e-commerce, industry leaders admit that new positions are always emerging and evolving. The number of companies associated with the music industry is quite significant, but in reality, the future of the industry will be dependent on the efforts of entrepreneurs. To that end, it is important for those interested in music production and management to become multidisciplinary learners, combining a number of skills associated with music production, promotion, licensing, and distribution. And since technologies are in a constant state of change, it would be wise for students to develop the ability to think critically and globally, with the understanding that any particular skill set is part of larger paradigms that shift to the tune of disruptive technologies, changing economies, and complex social relations.