{"id":126801,"date":"2020-08-11T18:01:20","date_gmt":"2020-08-11T22:01:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/references\/work-of-the-past-work-of-the-future-2\/"},"modified":"2020-08-11T18:01:20","modified_gmt":"2020-08-11T22:01:20","slug":"work-of-the-past-work-of-the-future-2","status":"publish","type":"reference","link":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/fr\/references\/work-of-the-past-work-of-the-future-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Work of the past, work of the future"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les march\u00e9s du travail dans les villes am\u00e9ricaines d’aujourd’hui sont beaucoup plus instruits et les comp\u00e9tences \u00e0 forte intensit\u00e9 qu’ils ne l’\u00e9taient il y a cinq ans. Pourtant, les travailleurs non universitaires urbains effectuent un travail beaucoup moins qualifi\u00e9s que les d\u00e9cennies pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes. Cette d\u00e9qualification refl\u00e8te les effets conjugu\u00e9s de l’automatisation et du commerce international, qui ont \u00e9limin\u00e9 la majeure partie de la production non-coll\u00e8ge, soutien administratif, et les emplois de bureau, ce qui donne une polarisation disproportionn\u00e9e des march\u00e9s du travail urbain. Le d\u00e9roulement du gradient urbain de comp\u00e9tences professionnelles non-coll\u00e8ge a, je soutiens, encourag\u00e9 une baisse s\u00e9culaire des salaires r\u00e9els non universitaires par: (1) shuntant les travailleurs non-coll\u00e8ge de professions interm\u00e9diaires comp\u00e9tences sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es dans des emplois \u00e0 bas salaires qui n\u00e9cessitent seulement des comp\u00e9tences g\u00e9n\u00e9riques; (2) en diminuant l’ensemble des travailleurs non-universitaires qui occupent des emplois moyen comp\u00e9tences dans les villes \u00e0 hauts salaires; et (3) l’att\u00e9nuation, \u00e0 un degr\u00e9 surprenant, la prime salariale urbaine forte pour les travailleurs non-universitaires qui pr\u00e9valaient au cours des d\u00e9cennies pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes. Les changements dans la nature du travail, dont beaucoup sont d’origine technologique, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 plus perturbateurs et moins b\u00e9n\u00e9fique pour les non-coll\u00e8ge que les travailleurs des coll\u00e8ges. Traduit a\u0300 l'aide de Google Translate<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les march\u00e9s du travail dans les villes am\u00e9ricaines d’aujourd’hui sont beaucoup plus instruits et les comp\u00e9tences \u00e0 forte intensit\u00e9 qu’ils ne l’\u00e9taient il y a cinq ans. Pourtant, les travailleurs non universitaires urbains effectuent un travail beaucoup moins qualifi\u00e9s que les d\u00e9cennies pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes. Cette d\u00e9qualification refl\u00e8te les effets conjugu\u00e9s de l’automatisation et du commerce international, qui ont \u00e9limin\u00e9 la majeure partie de la production non-coll\u00e8ge, soutien administratif, et les emplois de bureau, ce qui donne une polarisation disproportionn\u00e9e des march\u00e9s du travail urbain. Le d\u00e9roulement du gradient urbain de comp\u00e9tences professionnelles non-coll\u00e8ge a, je soutiens, encourag\u00e9 une baisse s\u00e9culaire des salaires r\u00e9els non universitaires par: (1) shuntant les travailleurs non-coll\u00e8ge de professions interm\u00e9diaires comp\u00e9tences sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es dans des emplois \u00e0 bas salaires qui n\u00e9cessitent seulement des comp\u00e9tences g\u00e9n\u00e9riques; (2) en diminuant l’ensemble des travailleurs non-universitaires qui occupent des emplois moyen comp\u00e9tences dans les villes \u00e0 hauts salaires; et (3) l’att\u00e9nuation, \u00e0 un degr\u00e9 surprenant, la prime salariale urbaine forte pour les travailleurs non-universitaires qui pr\u00e9valaient au cours des d\u00e9cennies pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes. Les changements dans la nature du travail, dont beaucoup sont d’origine technologique, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 plus perturbateurs et moins b\u00e9n\u00e9fique pour les non-coll\u00e8ge que les travailleurs des coll\u00e8ges. [googletranslate_fr]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","reference-tag":[],"reference-type":[436],"class_list":["post-126801","reference","type-reference","status-publish","hentry","reference-type-white-paper"],"acf":{"citation":"Autor, D. (2019). Work of the past, work of the future. NBER Working Paper:25588. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). 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