{"id":321936,"date":"2025-08-29T12:37:02","date_gmt":"2025-08-29T16:37:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/?p=321936"},"modified":"2025-08-29T12:37:26","modified_gmt":"2025-08-29T16:37:26","slug":"blog-piaac-gaps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/fr\/blog-piaac-gaps\/","title":{"rendered":"Comblez le foss\u00e9 des comp\u00e9tences : Comment les changements dans la collecte des donn\u00e9es du PIAAC limitent notre compr\u00e9hension des comp\u00e9tences, et que faire pour combler cet \u00e9cart \u00e0 l\u2019avenir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Alors que l\u2019engouement initial suscit\u00e9 par la publication de la deuxi\u00e8me s\u00e9rie de donn\u00e9es du Programme pour l\u2019\u00e9valuation internationale des comp\u00e9tences des adultes (PIAAC) par l\u2019OCDE retombe, le moment est venu d\u2019examiner ces donn\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re plus attentive et r\u00e9fl\u00e9chie. Ces donn\u00e9es constituent assur\u00e9ment une source pr\u00e9cieuse d\u2019enseignements, qui devrait aider les \u00e9ducateurs, les d\u00e9cideurs politiques et les praticiens du d\u00e9veloppement des comp\u00e9tences \u00e0 \u00e9laborer de meilleures strat\u00e9gies pour mobiliser la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre, valoriser leurs comp\u00e9tences et mettre en \u0153uvre des politiques et des programmes visant \u00e0 les renforcer. Dans le m\u00eame temps, la deuxi\u00e8me s\u00e9rie de donn\u00e9es du PIAAC pr\u00e9sente certaines limites que les analystes et autres parties prenantes devront prendre en compte lorsqu\u2019ils chercheront \u00e0 poser et \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des questions cl\u00e9s sur les comp\u00e9tences des adultes canadiens. Quelles sont ces limites et comment pourraient-elles influencer les types de questions que nous pouvons poser ainsi que les r\u00e9ponses que nous pouvons obtenir\u2009?  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contraintes li\u00e9es aux donn\u00e9es d\u00e9mographiques<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La recherche canadienne utilisant les donn\u00e9es du cycle 1 de l\u2019enqu\u00eate PIAAC a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es int\u00e9ressantes sur les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s en mati\u00e8re de comp\u00e9tences parmi les peuples autochtones, les immigrants r\u00e9cents et d\u2019autres groupes au Canada. Il semble que les recherches fond\u00e9es sur les donn\u00e9es du cycle 2 se heurteront \u00e0 des obstacles plus importants lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agira d\u2019analyser les diff\u00e9rences de comp\u00e9tences entre les groupes – et qu\u2019elles apporteront donc moins au discours et \u00e0 la pratique du Canada en mati\u00e8re de comp\u00e9tences. Les donn\u00e9es publiques de Statistique Canada pour le cycle 2 manquent manifestement de donn\u00e9es d\u00e9mographiques au-del\u00e0 des cat\u00e9gories du sexe, de l\u2019\u00e2ge et de la profession. M\u00eame si des donn\u00e9es d\u00e9mographiques suppl\u00e9mentaires seront probablement disponibles dans les mois \u00e0 venir, nous devrions nous attendre \u00e0 moins de r\u00e9partitions d\u00e9mographiques dans le cycle 2 par rapport au cycle 1 en raison d\u2019une lacune essentielle : un \u00e9chantillon de taille beaucoup plus r\u00e9duite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9chantillon r\u00e9duit<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le cycle 1 de l\u2019enqu\u00eate PIAAC s\u2019est d\u00e9roul\u00e9 en trois phases entre 2011 et 2018 (les donn\u00e9es du Canada ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 collect\u00e9es en 2012) et a permis d\u2019interroger environ 245 000 personnes dans le monde entier. Le Canada s\u2019est distingu\u00e9 en recueillant l\u2019\u00e9chantillon le plus important des 39 pays participants, avec un total de 27 285 r\u00e9pondants. En fait, le Canada a sur\u00e9chantillonn\u00e9 de nombreuses sous-populations et r\u00e9gions pour permettre une analyse d\u00e9taill\u00e9e et d\u00e9sagr\u00e9g\u00e9e des comp\u00e9tences des autochtones et des immigrants, ainsi que des diff\u00e9rences par province et r\u00e9gion. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le cycle 2 du PIAAC est beaucoup plus limit\u00e9 \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard. La collecte de donn\u00e9es du cycle 2 canadien (qui a d\u00e9but\u00e9 en 2022 et a \u00e9t\u00e9 diffus\u00e9e en d\u00e9cembre 2024) n\u2019a g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 que 11 697 r\u00e9ponses, soit moins de la moiti\u00e9 du nombre de r\u00e9ponses recueillies lors du cycle 1. L\u2019\u00e9chantillon le plus r\u00e9cent est \u00e9galement d\u00e9pourvu du sur\u00e9chantillonnage cibl\u00e9 de r\u00e9gions et de groupes qui constituait une caract\u00e9ristique extraordinairement pr\u00e9cieuse du premier cycle. Certes, la collecte des donn\u00e9es a \u00e9t\u00e9 entrav\u00e9e par la pand\u00e9mie de la COVID-19. Peu de personnes \u00e9taient dispos\u00e9es \u00e0 laisser les enqu\u00eateurs entrer chez elles pour administrer des \u00e9valuations de plusieurs heures, et il \u00e9tait difficile de trouver des partenaires fiables pour la collecte des donn\u00e9es. En cons\u00e9quence, si l\u2019\u00e9chantillon du cycle 2 est suffisamment important pour permettre diverses analyses de base, les analyses d\u00e9mographiques et r\u00e9gionales nuanc\u00e9es en p\u00e2tiront. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limites longitudinales<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le passage du cycle 1 au cycle 2 aura \u00e9galement une incidence sur les perspectives d\u2019analyse longitudinale. Pour de nombreux chercheurs, l\u2019un des principaux avantages potentiels d\u2019un deuxi\u00e8me cycle PIAAC est la possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019analyser l\u2019\u00e9volution des comp\u00e9tences dans le temps. Bien qu\u2019une partie de ce travail soit encore possible, l\u2019optimisme a \u00e9t\u00e9 affaibli par les donn\u00e9es publi\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La taille r\u00e9duite de l\u2019\u00e9chantillon rend certains points de comparaison plus difficiles \u00e0 \u00e9tablir, notamment en ce qui concerne les ventilations r\u00e9gionales et d\u00e9mographiques. En outre, les modifications apport\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019enqu\u00eate elle-m\u00eame rendent certaines analyses longitudinales plus difficiles, voire impossibles, \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser. Par exemple, alors qu\u2019au cycle 1, l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e9valuait la r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes dans un environnement riche en technologies (PS-TRE), le cycle 2 est pass\u00e9 \u00e0 une nouvelle mesure de la r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes : la r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes adaptative (APS).<\/em> La raison d\u2019\u00eatre de ce changement est solide – il s\u2019agit de s\u2019assurer que les comp\u00e9tences que nous mesurons restent en phase avec les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s sociales et \u00e9conomiques, mais il r\u00e9duit les possibilit\u00e9s de comprendre comment l\u2019\u00e9tat de certaines comp\u00e9tences \u00e9volue au fil du temps. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Des bleus, mais pas de coups<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malgr\u00e9 les lacunes des donn\u00e9es du cycle 2 par rapport \u00e0 celles du cycle 1, le PIAAC offre toujours une occasion unique et solide \u00e0 la communaut\u00e9 des comp\u00e9tences de mieux comprendre et d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la performance globale du Canada en mati\u00e8re de comp\u00e9tences. Il y a beaucoup \u00e0 faire avec les donn\u00e9es et notre programme de recherche canadien PIAAC prochain<\/em> pr\u00e9sentera quelques possibilit\u00e9s et priorit\u00e9s. Toutefois, les chercheurs qui souhaitent obtenir des donn\u00e9es plus r\u00e9centes devront tenir compte de ces lacunes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En pr\u00e9vision du prochain cycle de l\u2019enqu\u00eate PIAAC, le Canada serait bien avis\u00e9 de commencer \u00e0 travailler d\u00e8s maintenant sur des strat\u00e9gies visant \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la collecte de donn\u00e9es et \u00e0 garantir que la prochaine \u00e9dition soit con\u00e7ue pour aider \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre aux questions qui importent \u00e0 la population canadienne. Comme le d\u00e9montrera notre programme de recherche PIAAC au Canada, les donn\u00e9es PIAAC peuvent nous aider \u00e0 comprendre et \u00e0 \u00e9laborer de meilleures strat\u00e9gies pour am\u00e9liorer la productivit\u00e9, la croissance, la sant\u00e9 et le bien-\u00eatre. Cependant, la qualit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es sur lesquelles reposent les id\u00e9es et les strat\u00e9gies ne peut \u00eatre sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle des donn\u00e9es. Si le Canada veut vraiment am\u00e9liorer les r\u00e9sultats sociaux et \u00e9conomiques, il doit s\u2019engager \u00e0 fond dans le cycle\u00a03 du PIAAC.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La deuxi\u00e8me s\u00e9rie de donn\u00e9es du PIAAC pr\u00e9sente certaines limites que les analystes et autres parties prenantes devront prendre en compte lorsqu\u2019ils chercheront \u00e0 poser et \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des questions cl\u00e9s sur les comp\u00e9tences des adultes canadiens. Quelles sont ces limites et comment pourraient-elles influencer les types de questions que nous pouvons poser ainsi que les r\u00e9ponses que nous pouvons obtenir\u2009?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ob_guten_meta_block":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"region":[1319],"populations":[],"themes":[1629],"class_list":["post-321936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classifiee","region-across-canada-fr","themes-lmi-fr"],"acf":{"slider_image":{"ID":321934,"id":321934,"title":"PIAAC - 4","filename":"PIAAC-4.png","filesize":1717601,"url":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4.png","link":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/fr\/blog-piaac-gaps\/piaac-4-2\/","alt":"","author":"25","description":"","caption":"","name":"piaac-4-2","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":321936,"date":"2025-08-28 13:59:20","modified":"2025-08-28 13:59:20","menu_order":0,"mime_type":"image\/png","type":"image","subtype":"png","icon":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-includes\/images\/media\/default.png","width":1548,"height":666,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4-300x129.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":129,"medium_large":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4-768x330.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":330,"large":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4-1024x441.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":441,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4-1536x661.png","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":661,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4.png","2048x2048-width":1548,"2048x2048-height":666,"preview":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4-10x4.png","preview-width":10,"preview-height":4,"content-card-thumbnail":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4-800x600.png","content-card-thumbnail-width":800,"content-card-thumbnail-height":600,"slider-image":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4.png","slider-image-width":1548,"slider-image-height":666,"hero-image":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4.png","hero-image-width":1548,"hero-image-height":666,"inline-image":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4-1024x512.png","inline-image-width":1024,"inline-image-height":512,"content-card-thumbnail-vertical":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIAAC-4-400x600.png","content-card-thumbnail-vertical-width":400,"content-card-thumbnail-vertical-height":600}},"post_authors":[{"ID":304061,"post_author":"16","post_date":"2024-12-09 11:44:48","post_date_gmt":"2024-12-09 16:44:48","post_content":"","post_title":"Creig Lamb","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"creig-lamb","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-12-09 11:45:51","post_modified_gmt":"2024-12-09 16:45:51","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/team\/creig-lamb\/","menu_order":24,"post_type":"team","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":304051,"post_author":"16","post_date":"2024-12-09 11:39:26","post_date_gmt":"2024-12-09 16:39:26","post_content":"","post_title":"Dan Munro","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dan-munro","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-12-09 11:42:38","post_modified_gmt":"2024-12-09 16:42:38","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/team\/dan-munro\/","menu_order":25,"post_type":"team","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"report":false,"file_secondary_tags":false,"report_image":false,"thumbnail_image":{"ID":321934,"id":321934,"title":"PIAAC - 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Future Skills Centre \u2022 Centre des Comp\u00e9tences futures<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La deuxi\u00e8me s\u00e9rie de donn\u00e9es du PIAAC pr\u00e9sente certaines limites que les analystes et autres parties prenantes devront prendre en compte lorsqu\u2019ils chercheront \u00e0 poser et \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des questions cl\u00e9s sur les comp\u00e9tences des adultes canadiens. 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