{"id":304069,"date":"2024-12-09T12:12:13","date_gmt":"2024-12-09T17:12:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/what-is-piaac-and-why-does-it-matter\/"},"modified":"2025-05-13T12:20:39","modified_gmt":"2025-05-13T16:20:39","slug":"blog-what-is-piaac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/fr\/blog-what-is-piaac\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u2019est-ce que le PIAAC et pourquoi est-il important\u2009?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Les comp\u00e9tences constituent une base essentielle pour l\u2019emploi, la sant\u00e9, le bien-\u00eatre individuel et communautaire, la croissance \u00e9conomique et une citoyennet\u00e9 active et inform\u00e9e. Conscients de cela, les \u00e9ducateurs, de l\u2019\u00e9cole primaire \u00e0 l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur, s\u2019efforcent de d\u00e9velopper chez les \u00e9l\u00e8ves de solides comp\u00e9tences en lecture, en \u00e9criture et en calcul, ainsi que d\u2019autres comp\u00e9tences essentielles, et utilisent divers outils pour \u00e9valuer les progr\u00e8s accomplis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le Canada est relativement <a href=\"https:\/\/gpseducation.oecd.org\/Content\/EAGCountryNotes\/EAG2023_CN_CAN_pdf.pdf\">bien plac\u00e9<\/a> pour produire des dipl\u00f4m\u00e9s dot\u00e9s de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cmec.ca\/Publications\/Lists\/Publications\/Attachments\/362\/PIAAC_PSE_CMEC_2016_FR.pdf\">comp\u00e9tences fondamentales<\/a> qui contribuent \u00e0 leur propre r\u00e9ussite et \u00e0 celle des autres, mais on accorde moins d\u2019attention \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat des comp\u00e9tences chez les adultes en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, en d\u00e9pit de leur importance tout au long de la vie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le Programme pour l&#8217;\u00e9valuation internationale des comp\u00e9tences des adultes (PIAAC)\u00a0mieux connu comme <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/fr\/about\/programmes\/piaac.html\">l&#8217;\u00e9valuation des comp\u00e9tences des adultes<\/a> de l&#8217; OCDE est l\u2019une des seules mesures directes des comp\u00e9tences des adultes. Elle offre des perspectives essentielles sur l\u2019importance, la r\u00e9partition, le d\u00e9veloppement et l\u2019utilisation des comp\u00e9tences essentielles en mati\u00e8re de traitement de l\u2019information. Alors que la communaut\u00e9 des comp\u00e9tences au Canada d\u00e9plore \u00e0 juste titre le manque de donn\u00e9es r\u00e9guli\u00e8res et solides sur les comp\u00e9tences des adultes, le PIAAC a \u00e9t\u00e9 relativement sous-utilis\u00e9. Avec la publication des <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/fr\/about\/news\/media-advisories\/2024\/12\/oecd-survey-of-adult-skills-to-be-launched-tuesday-10-december-2024.html\">nouvelles donn\u00e9es PIAAC cette semaine<\/a>, le moment est bien choisi pour r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce qu\u2019est le PIAAC, \u00e0 son importance et \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re dont nous pourrions mieux utiliser ce qu\u2019il offre pour nous aider \u00e0 mieux comprendre le paysage des comp\u00e9tences au Canada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Qu\u2019est-ce que PIAAC\u2009?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019enqu\u00eate PIAAC est la derni\u00e8re d\u2019une s\u00e9rie d\u2019enqu\u00eates internationales qui nous aident \u00e0 comprendre les niveaux, les tendances et l\u2019utilisation des comp\u00e9tences essentielles des adultes en \u00e2ge de travailler dans les pays membres de l\u2019OCDE. S\u2019inspirant de ses pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseurs &#8211; notamment l\u2019Enqu\u00eate internationale sur l\u2019alphab\u00e9tisation des adultes (EIAA) et l\u2019Enqu\u00eate sur la litt\u00e9ratie et les comp\u00e9tences des adultes (ECAA) &#8211; le PIAAC mesure les comp\u00e9tences des adultes en mati\u00e8re de traitement de l\u2019information dans trois domaines essentiels pour le travail et la vie quotidienne&nbsp;: <strong>la litt\u00e9ratie, la num\u00e9ratie et la r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes<\/strong> (1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si l\u2019\u00e9valuation par le PIAAC des <strong>comp\u00e9tences des adultes en mati\u00e8re de traitement de l\u2019information<\/strong> est la composante la plus connue et la mieux comprise de l\u2019enqu\u00eate, cette derni\u00e8re permet \u00e9galement de recueillir des informations&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Comment les comp\u00e9tences <strong>sont utilis\u00e9es sur le lieu de travail et comment la demande \u00e9volue<\/strong>, en demandant aux personnes interrog\u00e9es quelles sont les comp\u00e9tences requises pour leur emploi (y compris la lecture, l\u2019\u00e9criture, le calcul et la r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes, ainsi que la coop\u00e9ration, l\u2019influence, l\u2019organisation, les aptitudes physiques et autres).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Informations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales<\/strong>, y compris les donn\u00e9es d\u00e9mographiques (par exemple, l\u2019\u00e2ge, le sexe, la race, le lieu de r\u00e9sidence, le statut d\u2019immigrant)\u2009; l\u2019\u00e9ducation et la formation (par exemple, le niveau atteint, le domaine d\u2019\u00e9tude, la participation \u00e0 la formation et les obstacles)\u2009; l\u2019emploi et le revenu (par exemple, le statut de l\u2019emploi, la profession, le secteur d\u2019activit\u00e9, le revenu)\u2009; et la participation sociale et la sant\u00e9 (par exemple, la confiance, l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 politique, l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 autod\u00e9clar\u00e9, le niveau d\u2019\u00e9ducation et de formation). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensemble, ces donn\u00e9es permettent aux chercheurs d\u2019\u00e9tudier les niveaux de comp\u00e9tences, leur r\u00e9partition, les lieux o\u00f9 les comp\u00e9tences sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es et utilis\u00e9es, ainsi que le rendement \u00e9conomique et social des comp\u00e9tences (2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le premier cycle du PIAAC s\u2019est d\u00e9roul\u00e9 en trois \u00e9tapes entre 2011 et 2018 (3). Plus de 200 000&nbsp;adultes \u00e2g\u00e9s de 16 \u00e0 65&nbsp;ans, originaires de 39&nbsp;pays, ont r\u00e9pondu \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9valuation. Au Canada, 27 000&nbsp;adultes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 interrog\u00e9s, ce qui a permis de dresser un tableau solide de la population dans son ensemble et de l\u2019analyser en fonction de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cmec.ca\/Publications\/Lists\/Publications\/Attachments\/315\/Canadian-PIAAC-Report.FR.pdf\">l\u2019\u00e2ge, du sexe, de la r\u00e9gion, de la profession, du statut socio-\u00e9conomique<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.piaac.ca\/docs\/PIAAC%202012%20Immigrants%20Canada%20Final%20FR.pdf\">du statut d\u2019immigrant<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/cmec.ca\/Publications\/Lists\/Publications\/Attachments\/421\/PIAAC_2012_%20Adult_Competencies_among_Indigenous_Peoples_in_Canada_FR.pdf\">de l\u2019identit\u00e9 autochtone<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.piaac.ca\/docs\/PIAAC_2012_Skills_of_Official_Language_Minority_Communities_FR.pdf\">de la langue parl\u00e9e<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cmec.ca\/Publications\/Lists\/Publications\/Attachments\/362\/PIAAC_PSE_CMEC_2016_FR.pdf\">du niveau d\u2019\u00e9ducation<\/a> et d\u2019autres caract\u00e9ristiques. Le premier cycle a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que si le Canada a obtenu de bons r\u00e9sultats sur le plan international, il y a des <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cmec.ca\/Publications\/Lists\/Publications\/Attachments\/315\/Canadian-PIAAC-Report.FR.pdf\">points pr\u00e9occupants.<\/a> Les comp\u00e9tences en num\u00e9ratie de la population canadienne sont globalement faibles, et de nombreuses populations sont en retard dans toutes les cat\u00e9gories de comp\u00e9tences &#8211; notamment les peuples autochtones, les immigrants et les minorit\u00e9s de langue officielle. Nous approfondirons ces r\u00e9sultats dans notre prochain article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pourquoi le PIAAC est-il important\u2009?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le PIAAC est l\u2019une des seules mesures directes, compl\u00e8tes et fiables des comp\u00e9tences des adultes. Il illustre les comp\u00e9tences de la population adulte du Canada, la comparaison avec le reste du monde et les personnes qui excellent ou qui sont \u00e0 la tra\u00eene. Le PIAAC donne \u00e9galement des indications sur la mani\u00e8re dont les comp\u00e9tences sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es et utilis\u00e9es et sur le lieu o\u00f9 elles le sont, ainsi que sur la mesure dans laquelle elles diminuent au fil du temps. Tout ceci constitue une base pour d\u00e9velopper des politiques et des programmes plus efficaces en mati\u00e8re de comp\u00e9tences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019OCDE publiera le deuxi\u00e8me cycle de donn\u00e9es PIAAC le 10&nbsp;d\u00e9cembre 2024, couvrant 31&nbsp;pays de 2022 \u00e0 2023, y compris le Canada. Alors que l\u2019offre et la demande de comp\u00e9tences continuent d\u2019\u00eatre fa\u00e7onn\u00e9es par les tendances mondiales, qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse de la technologie, du changement climatique ou des bouleversements politiques et \u00e9conomiques, le deuxi\u00e8me cycle de l\u2019enqu\u00eate PIAAC devrait nous permettre de faire le point sur le paysage des comp\u00e9tences et nous r\u00e9v\u00e9ler ce qu\u2019il nous faut encore savoir et faire pour am\u00e9liorer le rendement de l\u2019ensemble de la population canadienne en mati\u00e8re de comp\u00e9tences. Des mises en garde et des pr\u00e9cautions seront n\u00e9cessaires lors de l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation des donn\u00e9es, mais les nouvelles donn\u00e9es PIAAC devraient fournir des indications pr\u00e9cieuses au milieu d\u2019un contexte par ailleurs bruyant en mati\u00e8re de comp\u00e9tences au Canada et dans l\u2019OCDE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>\u00c9valuation du cycle&nbsp;1 du PIAAC&nbsp;: \u00ab R\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes dans un environnement riche en technologies \u00bb. Le cycle&nbsp;2 du PIAAC \u00e9value de mani\u00e8re plus g\u00e9n\u00e9rale la \u00ab r\u00e9solution adaptative de probl\u00e8mes \u00bb, qui inclut, sans s\u2019y limiter, les environnements num\u00e9riques.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rapport technique du PIAAC&nbsp;2019<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le premier cycle a eu lieu entre 2011 et 2012 et a inclus 25&nbsp;pays, dont le Canada\u2009; le deuxi\u00e8me cycle a eu lieu entre 2014 et 2015 et a inclus 9&nbsp;pays\u2009; le troisi\u00e8me cycle a eu lieu entre 2017 et 2018 et a inclus 5&nbsp;nouveaux pays (les \u00c9tats-Unis ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9chantillonn\u00e9s pour la deuxi\u00e8me fois lors de ce cycle).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les comp\u00e9tences constituent une base essentielle pour l\u2019emploi, la sant\u00e9, le bien-\u00eatre individuel et communautaire, la croissance \u00e9conomique et une citoyennet\u00e9 active et inform\u00e9e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ob_guten_meta_block":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"region":[1319],"populations":[],"themes":[1555,1629],"class_list":["post-304069","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classifiee","region-across-canada-fr","themes-competences-futures","themes-lmi-fr"],"acf":{"post_authors":[{"ID":304061,"post_author":"16","post_date":"2024-12-09 11:44:48","post_date_gmt":"2024-12-09 16:44:48","post_content":"","post_title":"Creig Lamb","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"creig-lamb","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-12-09 11:45:51","post_modified_gmt":"2024-12-09 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This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Qu\u2019est-ce que le PIAAC et pourquoi est-il important\u2009? - Future Skills Centre \u2022 Centre des Comp\u00e9tences futures<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les comp\u00e9tences constituent une base essentielle pour l\u2019emploi, la sant\u00e9, le bien-\u00eatre individuel et communautaire, la croissance \u00e9conomique et une citoyennet\u00e9 active et inform\u00e9e.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/fr\/blog-what-is-piaac\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Nathan Nash\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script 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