{"id":263956,"date":"2023-06-27T16:06:21","date_gmt":"2023-06-27T20:06:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/?p=263956"},"modified":"2025-05-13T12:12:36","modified_gmt":"2025-05-13T16:12:36","slug":"blog-mature-adults","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/fr\/blog-mature-adults\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019engagement des adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr dans des formations qualifiantes pourrait-il \u00eatre la cl\u00e9 pour rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 la p\u00e9nurie de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre au Canada ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Le Canada est confront\u00e9 \u00e0 une p\u00e9nurie sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre qualifi\u00e9e. Selon les donn\u00e9es de Statistique Canada<\/a>, le ratio entre le nombre de ch\u00f4meurs et le nombre de postes vacants a atteint un niveau record au cours du troisi\u00e8me trimestre 2022 : pour chaque poste vacant, il y avait 1,1 ch\u00f4meur. Ce ratio est en baisse constante depuis 2016<\/a>, ce qui indique que les employeurs ont des difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 pourvoir les postes. Cette p\u00e9nurie de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre est observ\u00e9e dans toutes les provinces et dans tous les secteurs<\/a>, notamment l\u2019industrie manufacturi\u00e8re, les soins de sant\u00e9 et l\u2019assistance sociale, la construction, le commerce de d\u00e9tail et les services d\u2019h\u00e9bergement et de restauration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Certains ont point\u00e9 du doigt ce que l\u2019on a appel\u00e9 la \u00ab\u2009grande d\u00e9mission\u2009<\/a>\u00bb comme \u00e9tant la cause de cette p\u00e9nurie : la vague de d\u00e9parts \u00e0 la retraite qui d\u00e9ferle sur le Canada. Les Canadiennes et les Canadiens seront plus nombreux \u00e0 prendre leur retraite en 2022<\/a> qu\u2019au cours des deux ann\u00e9es pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes. En outre, la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre est compos\u00e9e d\u2019un nombre record d\u2019adultes \u00e2g\u00e9s de 55 \u00e0 64 ans qui approchent de la retraite<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comment rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 la p\u00e9nurie de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre au Canada ? Si le vieillissement de la population a \u00e9t\u00e9 sugg\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l\u2019une des causes de la p\u00e9nurie, il a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 propos\u00e9 comme solution. L\u2019id\u00e9e est de conserver la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr ou, pour ceux qui ont pris leur retraite, de la faire revenir sur le march\u00e9 du travail. Un rapport r\u00e9cent de la Banque Scotia a qualifi\u00e9 les adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr de \u00ab\u2009n\u00e9glig\u00e9s et sous-utilis\u00e9s<\/a>\u2009\u00bb. L\u2019exploitation de ce groupe pourrait donc contribuer \u00e0 rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 la p\u00e9nurie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019un des moyens de retenir et d\u2019attirer les adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr sur le march\u00e9 du travail pourrait \u00eatre de les inciter \u00e0 suivre une formation professionnelle, soit pour compl\u00e9ter leurs comp\u00e9tences, soit pour en acqu\u00e9rir de nouvelles. Pour concevoir une strat\u00e9gie de formation professionnelle adapt\u00e9e aux adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr, il est toutefois important de savoir si ce groupe participe d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 la formation professionnelle et, le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant, dans quelle mesure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c0 l\u2019aide des donn\u00e9es de l\u2019enqu\u00eate sur l\u2019emploi et les comp\u00e9tences<\/a>, nous avons examin\u00e9 qui a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 avoir suivi une formation depuis le d\u00e9but de la pand\u00e9mie de la COVID-19 en 2020 et comment les facteurs associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la formation variaient entre la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre plus \u00e2g\u00e9e et la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre plus jeune. L\u2019enqu\u00eate, men\u00e9e par l\u2019Environics Institute for Survey Research<\/a> en collaboration avec l\u2019Institut de la diversit\u00e9 et le Centre des Comp\u00e9tences futures, a explor\u00e9 les exp\u00e9riences des Canadiennes et des Canadiens en mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9ducation, de comp\u00e9tences et d\u2019emploi. L\u2019\u00e9tude s\u2019est pench\u00e9e sur la perception de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l\u2019emploi, l\u2019impact des changements technologiques et la valeur des diff\u00e9rentes formes de formation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La pand\u00e9mie de la COVID-19 est unique dans l\u2019histoire r\u00e9cente en ce qu\u2019elle a affect\u00e9 le travail et la capacit\u00e9 des gens \u00e0 se former; elle a donn\u00e9 du temps \u00e0 de nombreux travailleurs, mais elle a \u00e9galement limit\u00e9 les options de formation en raison des mandats et des meilleures pratiques en mati\u00e8re de sant\u00e9 publique. Nous avons utilis\u00e9 les donn\u00e9es des 6 604 personnes qui ont r\u00e9pondu \u00e0 la quatri\u00e8me vague de l\u2019enqu\u00eate, men\u00e9e de mars \u00e0 avril 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr sont moins bien form\u00e9s que les jeunes adultes; l\u2019importance des comp\u00e9tences num\u00e9riques est soulign\u00e9e.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Figure 1. Personnes interrog\u00e9es ayant d\u00e9clar\u00e9 avoir suivi une formation depuis la pand\u00e9mie de la COVID-19 : mill\u00e9naires versus adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Tableau<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tous types de formation confondus, les adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr se sont moins form\u00e9s que les adultes plus jeunes (figure 1). Parmi les adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr qui ont suivi une formation, 17 % ont suivi des cours li\u00e9s aux comp\u00e9tences num\u00e9riques, comme les technologies de l\u2019information, l\u2019informatique, les comp\u00e9tences techniques ou la conception graphique. Ces r\u00e9sultats sont coh\u00e9rents avec d\u2019autres r\u00e9sultats de cette enqu\u00eate, ainsi qu\u2019avec les donn\u00e9es sur l\u2019avenir de la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre qui soulignent la demande croissante de comp\u00e9tences num\u00e9riques<\/a>. Souvent, la perception est que les comp\u00e9tences num\u00e9riques se r\u00e9f\u00e8rent \u00e0 des comp\u00e9tences techniques approfondies comme les langages de codage ; cependant, il y a une forte demande pour des comp\u00e9tences num\u00e9riques de base, comme le traitement de texte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plus de 56 % des adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr qui n\u2019ont pas suivi de formation ont d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que c\u2019\u00e9tait parce qu\u2019ils poss\u00e9daient d\u00e9j\u00e0 les comp\u00e9tences n\u00e9cessaires, contre 48 % des mill\u00e9nariaux. Ces r\u00e9sultats sugg\u00e8rent que la plupart des adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr ne s\u2019engagent pas dans une formation qualifiante suppl\u00e9mentaire et qu\u2019ils ne semblent pas souhait\u00e9s \u00e0 le faire. Cela peut s\u2019expliquer par le fait qu\u2019ils ont davantage confiance en leurs capacit\u00e9s lorsqu\u2019ils sont confront\u00e9s \u00e0 de nouveaux d\u00e9fis que les mill\u00e9nariaux (71 % des adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr contre 58 % des mill\u00e9nariaux). Cela peut aussi s\u2019expliquer par le fait qu\u2019ils voient leur carri\u00e8re se terminer, alors que les jeunes adultes planifient leur avenir. Les adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr estiment peut-\u00eatre qu\u2019une formation suppl\u00e9mentaire n\u2019est pas n\u00e9cessaire en raison de leur niveau d\u2019exp\u00e9rience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une autre possibilit\u00e9 est le climat du lieu de travail, o\u00f9 de nombreuses personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es peuvent se sentir sous-estim\u00e9es, marginalis\u00e9es et victimes de discrimination. Parmi les adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr \u00e0 la recherche d\u2019un emploi, 59 % pensent que leur \u00e2ge est la raison pour laquelle ils ne trouvent pas d\u2019emploi, ce qui est coh\u00e9rent avec des recherches pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes<\/a> indiquant que les adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr sont souvent victimes d\u2019\u00e2gisme sur le march\u00e9 du travail. D\u2019autres donn\u00e9es<\/a> r\u00e9v\u00e8lent que si la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr est per\u00e7ue comme chaleureuse, elle est \u00e9galement st\u00e9r\u00e9otyp\u00e9e comme manquant d\u2019adaptabilit\u00e9 et r\u00e9sistant au changement, ce qui peut conduire les employeurs \u00e0 \u00e9viter d\u2019investir dans des formations suppl\u00e9mentaires pour ce groupe d\u2019\u00e2ge. Ces st\u00e9r\u00e9otypes peuvent expliquer pourquoi les adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr ne s\u2019engagent pas dans une formation : ils peuvent avoir l\u2019impression que leur employeur ne verrait pas l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat de les faire participer \u00e0 une formation compl\u00e9mentaire et peuvent donc l\u2019\u00e9viter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Implications, conclusions et orientations futures<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Si la participation des adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr \u00e0 la formation professionnelle est importante pour rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 la p\u00e9nurie de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre au Canada, des efforts pourraient \u00eatre n\u00e9cessaires pour changer le point de vue des adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr sur leur importance au sein de la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre et pour mettre en \u00e9vidence la valeur de la formation professionnelle. En outre, des initiatives pourraient \u00eatre n\u00e9cessaires pour lutter contre les st\u00e9r\u00e9otypes qui peuvent constituer un obstacle \u00e0 la formation des adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans l\u2019ensemble, ces r\u00e9sultats \u00e9clairent l\u2019engagement des adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de la formation professionnelle et soulignent certaines questions importantes auxquelles l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me de la formation professionnelle doit faire face lors de l\u2019\u00e9laboration de programmes visant \u00e0 soutenir la formation professionnelle des adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Canada est confront\u00e9 \u00e0 une p\u00e9nurie sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre qualifi\u00e9e. Selon les donn\u00e9es de Statistique Canada, le ratio entre le nombre de ch\u00f4meurs…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ob_guten_meta_block":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[31,1],"tags":[],"region":[211,1319],"populations":[],"themes":[1629],"class_list":["post-263956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classifiee","category-null","region-across-canada","region-across-canada-fr","themes-lmi-fr"],"acf":{"thumbnail_image":{"ID":263963,"id":263963,"title":"Mature workers","filename":"Mature-workers.png","filesize":1460091,"url":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Mature-workers.png","link":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/fr\/blog-mature-adults\/mature-workers-2\/","alt":"Banner of mature 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11:22:48","post_date_gmt":"2023-06-27 15:22:48","post_content":"\n

Associ\u00e9e de recherch\u00e9 principale - Future Skills,
Diversity Institute<\/p>\n","post_title":"Alyssa Saiphoo, Ph.D.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"alyssa-saiphoo-ph-d","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-06-27 14:44:33","post_modified_gmt":"2023-06-27 18:44:33","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/?post_type=team&p=263987","menu_order":59,"post_type":"team","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":258389,"post_author":"16","post_date":"2023-03-16 14:02:26","post_date_gmt":"2023-03-16 18:02:26","post_content":"\n

Associ\u00e9e de recherch\u00e9 principale - Future Skills, Diversity Institute<\/p>\n","post_title":"Yuna Kim, Ph.D.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"yuna-kim","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-06-27 14:47:14","post_modified_gmt":"2023-06-27 18:47:14","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/fsc-ccf.ca\/?post_type=team&p=258389","menu_order":76,"post_type":"team","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"report":false,"file_secondary_tags":false,"report_image":false},"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019engagement des adultes d\u2019\u00e2ge m\u00fbr dans des formations qualifiantes pourrait-il \u00eatre la cl\u00e9 pour rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 la p\u00e9nurie de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre au Canada ? - Future Skills Centre \u2022 Centre des Comp\u00e9tences futures<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Canada est confront\u00e9 \u00e0 une p\u00e9nurie sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre qualifi\u00e9e. 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